Geothermal Energy 101

What Is Geothermal Energy?

Geothermal energy is renewable power sourced from the Earth’s natural internal heat. Deep underground, heat moves toward the surface. By capturing this heat through wells and specialized systems, we can generate electricity or directly heat and cool homes — without burning fossil fuels.

Who Invented Geothermal Energy?

The first successful use of geothermal power for electricity happened in 1904. Italian scientist Piero Ginori Conti generated electricity using steam from natural vents in Larderello, Italy.

Before that, ancient cultures used geothermal heat mainly for bathing and cooking.

Where Does the Energy Come From — and How Does It Work?

The Earth’s core remains intensely hot due to the planet’s original formation and natural radioactive decay. Here’s how geothermal systems tap into that power:

• Drilling: Wells access underground hot water or steam reservoirs.

• Conversion: The steam spins turbines connected to generators, producing electricity.

• Direct Use: Some systems pull hot water directly into pipes for building heating.

Because the Earth’s heat is continuous, geothermal offers consistent, year-round energy.

How Does Geothermal Energy Get to the Grid?

Once produced, geothermal electricity flows into the electrical grid like traditional power sources:

• Step 1: Steam or hot water powers a generator.

• Step 2: Electricity moves through transformers to match grid voltage.

• Step 3: Power is distributed via transmission lines to homes and businesses.

This makes geothermal a direct competitor to coal, oil, and gas — but far cleaner.

Why Should I Care About Geothermal Energy?

• Always On: Geothermal plants produce power 24/7, unlike solar and wind.

• Energy Independence: Reduces reliance on imported fossil fuels.

• Stable Costs: No price swings like oil or gas markets.

• Environmentally Friendly: Dramatically cuts carbon emissions and air pollution.

Switching to geothermal isn’t just eco-conscious — it’s economically smart.

How Much Can I Save With Geothermal?

Installing a geothermal heat pump system can:

• Cut home heating and cooling costs by 30% to 70%.

• Deliver payback in as little as 5 to 10 years.

• Offer decades of low utility bills afterward.

• Qualify you for federal, state, and local incentives that further reduce costs.

Even better, the systems typically last 25+ years with minimal maintenance.

How Does Geothermal Help the Environment?

• Lower Carbon Footprint: Reduces greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80% compared to traditional heating.

• Clean Air: No combustion means no air pollutants.

• Efficient Land Use: Geothermal plants require far less land than solar farms or wind turbines.

• Sustainable Resource: The Earth’s heat will last billions of years.

Choosing geothermal helps combat climate change while future-proofing our communities.

How You Can Tap Into Geothermal Today

1. Check Geothermal Availability

Use online geothermal resource maps or call your local energy provider.

2. Explore Incentives

Federal tax credits, local rebates, and green energy loans can make installation affordable.

3. Get a Free Assessment

Contact licensed geothermal contractors to assess your property’s potential and savings.